GitLab to GitHub Migration

1. Why Modern Teams Choose GitHub

Migrating from GitLab to GitHub represents a strategic shift for many engineering teams. Organizations often move to leverage GitHub’s massive open-source community and superior third-party tool integrations. Moreover, GitHub Actions provides a powerful, modern ecosystem for automating complex developer workflows. Ultimately, this transition simplifies standardization across multiple teams while improving overall project visibility.

2. Prepare Your Migration Strategy

A successful transition requires more than just moving code. You must account for users, CI/CD pipelines, secrets, and governance to avoid data loss. Consequently, a comprehensive plan should cover the following ten phases:

• Repository and Metadata Transfer

• User Access Mapping

• CI/CD Pipeline Conversion

• Security and Secret Management

• Validation and Final Cutover

3. Execute the Repository Transfer

The first step involves migrating your source code, including branches, tags, and full commit history.

• Choose the Right Migration Tool

For straightforward transfers, the GitHub Importer works well. However, if you manage a large organization, the GitHub Enterprise Importer offers better scale. For maximum control, technical teams often prefer the Git CLI.

Command Line Instructions:

git clone –mirror gitlab_repo_url
cd repo.git
git push –mirror github_repo_url

Manage Large Files and History:

During this phase, audit your repository for large binary files. Specifically, you should use Git LFS (Large File Storage) for any assets that exceed GitHub’s standard limits.

4. Map Users and Recreate Secrets

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GitLab and GitHub use distinct identity systems, so you cannot automatically migrate user accounts. Instead, you must map GitLab user emails to GitHub accounts and manually invite them to your new organization.

Secure Your Variables and Secrets:

For security reasons, GitLab prevents the export of secrets. Therefore, you must recreate them in GitHub using the following hierarchy:

• Repository Secrets: Use these for project-level variables.

• Organization Secrets: Use these for shared variables across multiple repos.

• Environment Secrets: Use these to protect variables in specific deployment stages.

5.Migrating Variables and Secrets

Securing your environment requires a clear strategy for moving CI/CD variables and secrets. Specifically, GitLab project variables should move to GitHub Repository Secrets, while group variables should be placed in Organization Secrets. Notably, secrets must be recreated manually or via the GitHub API because they cannot be exported from GitLab for security reasons.

6. Convert GitLab CI to GitHub Actions

Translating your CI/CD pipelines often represents the most challenging part of the migration. While GitLab uses a single.gitlab-ci.yml file, GitHub Actions utilizes separate workflow files in the .github/workflows/ directory.

Syntax and Workflow Changes:

When converting, map your GitLab “stages” into GitHub “jobs”. Moreover, replace custom GitLab scripts with pre-built actions from the GitHub Marketplace to save time. Finally, ensure your new GitHub runners have the same permissions as your old GitLab runners.

7.Finalize the Metadata and Cutover

Metadata like Issues, Pull Requests (Merge Requests in GitLab), and Wikis require special handling because Git itself does not track them.

The Pre-Cutover Checklist:

Before the official switch, verify the following:

1. Freeze all GitLab repositories to stop new pushes.

2. Perform a final sync of code and metadata.

3. Update webhooks for tools like Slack, Jira, or Jenkins.

4. Verify that all CI/CD pipelines run successfully.

8. Post-Migration Best Practices

After completing the cutover, archive your old GitLab repositories to prevent accidental updates. Furthermore, enable GitHub’s built-in security features like Dependabot and Secret Scanning to protect your new environment. Finally, provide training sessions to help your team master the new GitHub-centric workflow.

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9. Final Cutover and Post-Migration Best Practices

Ultimately, once all repositories are validated and secrets are verified, you can execute the final cutover. Specifically, you should freeze your GitLab repositories and perform a final sync before switching your DNS and webhooks. Finally, once the move is complete, remember to archive your old GitLab repositories and enable advanced security features like Dependabot and secret scanning.

10.Summary and Final Thoughts

In conclusion, a GitLab to GitHub migration is a significant but rewarding effort. By following a structured plan that includes proper validation and team training, organizations can achieve a smooth transition. Therefore, with the right tooling and preparation, you can successfully improve developer productivity and cross-team collaboration